An Embedded System Design for Multi-lead Electrocardiogram On-Device Acquisition and Processing
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v21n5.4332Keywords:
Electrocardiogram, microcontroller, low-pass filter, high-pass filter, R-peak detection.Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CD) is the leading cause of death in the world. Electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis is an effective method to diagnose CD. In this study, we introduced a microcontroller-based embedded system that allows the collection and processing of ECG signals directly on the device. By integrating low-pass filters (LPFs) and high-pass filters (HPFs), the system can effectively eliminate ultra-low frequency noise, power line noise, and unwanted high-frequency components, thereby improving the fidelity of the signal. R peak detection algorithms (Pan-Tompkins, Hilbert Transform, and Englese & Zeelenberg) have been applied to the acquired ECG of 10 volunteers aged 21–28 years. The results show that these algorithms achieved accuracy of over 99.5%. This study not only proves the ability to improve the reliability of direct ECG collection and analysis based on microcontrollers but also lays the foundation for the development of portable cardiovascular diagnostic devices, supporting early detection and more effective and accessible healthcare.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Thanh-Luan Tran, Tien-Thanh Nguyen, Quy-Hung Nguyen, Vy-Khang Tran, Chi-Ngon Nguyen, Van-Khanh Nguyen
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