Antibacterial Properties of Garcinia mangostana Linn. Ethanolic and Methanolic Extracts Against Selected Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria: A Meta-Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v20n6.3480Keywords:
Antibacterial, Mangosteen, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Abstract
Garcinia mangostana Linn., has been studied for its antibacterial properties to augment commercial antibiotics and in the hope of easing reliance on these chemical medications in the future, however, the comparison of the fruit’s bactericidal capabilities relative to different bacterial species requires further analyses. This systematic review and meta-analysis compared the antibacterial activity of ethanolic and methanolic mangosteen extracts against three species that commonly cause Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs)—Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results revealed no significant difference [mean difference: 1.42 (CI: -3.53 to 6.37, I2 = 99%, Z = 0.56 (P = 0.57))] between the effectiveness of the extracts against S. aureus and E. coli. But it was contrary when P. aeruginosa was compared with S. aureus [mean difference: 5.00 (CI: 4.48 to 5.52, I2= 0%, Z = 18.97 (P < 0.00001))] and E. coli [mean difference: 3.96 (CI: 2.01 to 5.92, I2 = 94%, Z = 3.97 (P < 0.0001))]. Literature search and screening were done following the PRISMA guidelines. Quality assessments utilized the JBI Critical Appraisal Tool and a remodified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. A total of 13 studies were included in the review, only 7 of which were eligible for meta-analyses. In conclusion, G. mangostana extracts are indeed effective against multiple microbes, however, relative to the selected bacterial species, inhibition varied. Moreover, this study sheds light on further practical or in vivo applications of mangosteen as a treatment for bacterial infections.
References
Abate, M., Pagano, C., Masullo, M., Citro, M., Pisanti, S., Piacente, S., & Bifulco, M. (2022). Mangostanin, a xanthone derived from Garcinia mangostana fruit, exerts protective and reparative effects on oxidative damage in human keratinocytes. Pharmaceuticals (Basel), 5(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15010084
Abdel-Azim, A., & Abdel-Azim, G. (2016). The impact of antibiotic exposure and concentration on resistance in bacteria. Journal of Emerging Investigators. Retrieved from https://emerginginvestigators.org/articles/the-impact-of-antibiotic-exposure-and-concentration-on-resistance-in-bacteria/pdf
Abubakar, A., & Haque, M. (2020). Preparation of medicinal plants: Basic extraction and fractionation procedures for experimental purposes. Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Science, 2(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.JPBS_175_19
Albuquerque, B., Dias, M., Pinela, J., Calhelha, R., Pires, T., Alves, M., . . . Barros, L. (2023). Insights into the chemical composition and in vitro bioactive properties of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) pericarp. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12050994
Allel, K., Garcia, P., Labarca, J., Manuta, J. M., Rendic, M., Grupo Colaborativi de Resistencia Bacteriana, & Undurraga, E. A. (2020). Socioeconomic factors associated with antimicrobial resistance. Revista Panamericana De Salud Pública (Impresa), 44(1). https://doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2020.30
Altemimi, A., Lakhssassi, N., Baharlouei, A., Watson, D., & Lightfoot, D. (2017). Phytochemicals: Extraction, isolation, and identification of bioactive compounds from plant extracts—A review. Plants (Basel), 6(4), 42. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants6040042
Al-Massarani, S., El Gamal, A., Al-Musayeib, N., Mothana, R., Basudan, O., Al-Rehaily, A., & Maes, L. (2013). Phytochemical, antimicrobial and antiprotozoal evaluation of Garcinia mangostana pericarp and α-mangostin, its major xanthone derivative. Molecules, 18(9), 10599-10608. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules180910599
Anggia, V., Bakhtiar, A., & Arbain, D. (2015). The isolation of xanthones from trunk latex of Garcinia mangostana Linn. and their antimicrobial activities. Indonesian Journal of Chemistry, 15(2), 187-193. https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21213
Asna, S., Karmaker, M., & Sarker, U. (2018). Brain heart infusion agar: A surrogate of agar blood. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Microbiology, 12(1), 24-26. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v12i1.51688
Bacteriana, & Undurraga, E. A. (2020). Socioeconomic factors associated with antimicrobial resistance. Revista Panamericana De Salud Pública (Impresa), 44(1). https://doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2020.30
Balouiri, M., Sadiki, M., & Ibnsouda, S. (2016). Methods for in vitro evaluating antimicrobial activity: A review. J Pharm Anal, 2, 71-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpha.2015.11.005
Bayot, M., & Bragg, B. (2022). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing. StatPearls Publishing LLC.
Bhat, R., & Al-Daihan, S. (2013). Antimicrobial activity of Garcinia mangostana using different solvent extracts. International Journal of Biosciences, 3(10), 267-272. https://doi.org/10.12692/ijb/3.10.267-272
Cannon, J., Zhung, J., Bennett, J., Moreland, N., Baker, M., Geelhoed, E., . . . Jack, S. (2021). The economic and health burdens of diseases caused by group A Streptococcus in New Zealand. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 176-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.11.193
Chaiwarit, T., Kantrong, N., Sommano, S. R., Rachtanapun, P., Junmahasathien, T., Kumpugdee-Vollrath, M., & Jantrawut, P. (2021). Extraction of tropical fruit peels and development of HPMC film containing the extracts as an active antibacterial packaging material. Molecules, 26, 2265. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules260822
Chen, G., Li, Y., Wang, W., & Deng, L. (2018). Bioactivity and pharmacological properties of α-mangostin from the mangosteen fruit: A review. Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents, 28, 415–427.
Diniatik, D., & Anggraeni, R. (2021). Antibacterial (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) and antifungal (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) activity assay on nanoemulsion formulation of ethanol extract of mangosteen leaves (Garcinia mangostana L.) as fruit preservative. Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 9(1), 351-365. https://doi.org/10.22146/jfps.1008
Erkmen, O. (2021). Practice—Preparation of media and sterilization techniques. In Laboratory Practices in Microbiology (pp. 3-18). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-91017-0.00004-4
Fernando, K., & Dasanayake, P. (2007). Antibacterial activity of extracts of pericarp of Garcinia mangostana. Vidyodaya Journal of Science, 13, 99-107. Retrieved from http://dr.lib.sjp.ac.lk/handle/123456789/1046
Festus, O., & Emmanuella, O. (2020). Testing the efficacy of Mueller Hinton agar over nutrient agar for optimal antibiotic sensitivity testing response by selected clinical bacterial pathogens. GSC Advanced Research and Reviews, 5(2), 61-74. https://doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2020.5.2.0037
Flanagan, J., & Steck, T. (2017). The relationship between agar thickness and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Indian Journal of Microbiology, 57(4), 503-506. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-017-0683-z
Fotsing Yannick Stéphane, F., Kezetas Jean Jules, B., El-Saber Batiha, G., Ali, I., & Ndjakou Bruno, L. (2022). Extraction of bioactive compounds from medicinal plants and herbs. In Natural Medicinal Plants. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91542
Horváth, G., Bencsik, T., Ács, K., & Kocsis, B. (2016). Chapter 12: Sensitivity of ESBL-producing gram-negative bacteria to essential oils, plant extracts, and their isolated compounds. In Antibiotic Resistance (pp. 239-269). https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-803642-6.00012-5
Huong, V., Turner, H., Kinh, N., Thai, P., Hoa, N., Horby, P., . . . Wertheim, H. (2019). Burden of disease and economic impact of human Streptococcus suis infection in Viet Nam. Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 113(6), 341-350. https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/trz004
Idri, N. (2016). Zotero software: A means of bibliographic research and data organisation; Teaching bibliographic research. Arab World English Journal (AWEJ). https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2843984
Iinuma, M., Tosa, H., Tanaka, T., Asai, F., Kobayashi, Y., Shimano, R., & Miyauchi, K. I. (1996). Antibacterial activity of xanthones from guttiferaeous plants against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 48, 861–865.
Indrianingsih, A., Rosyida, V., Darsih, C., & Apriyana, W. (2021). Antibacterial activity of Garcinia mangostana peel-dyed cotton fabrics using synthetic and natural mordants. Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy, 21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scp.2021.100440
Jacob, D., Vigasini, N., & Iyer, P. (2016). Antibacterial activity of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) pericarp. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 5(9), 1797-1802. https://doi.org/10.20959/wjpr20169-7046
Karthiga, P. (2018). Preparation of silver nanoparticles by Garcinia mangostana stem extract and investigation of the antimicrobial properties. Biotechnology Research and Innovation, 2(1), 30-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biori.2017.11.001
Kusmayadi, A. (2018). The effect of solvents and extraction time on total xanthone and antioxidant yields of mangosteen peel (Garcinia mangostana L.) extract. Drug Invention Today, 10(12), 2572-2576.
Li, Q., & Xu, J.-G. (2014). Effects of extraction solvents on phytochemicals and antibacterial activities of Garcinia mangostana pericarp. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 2(4). Retrieved from https://www.ajouronline.com/index.php/AJAFS/article/view/1509
Lim, J. Y., Yoon, J., & Hovde, C. (2013). A brief overview of Escherichia coli O157 and its plasmid O157. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 20(1), 5-14. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3645889/
Lima, M.C., de Sousa, C., Fernandez-Prada, C., Harel, J., Dubreuil, J.D., & de Souza, E.L. (2019). A review of the current evidence of fruit phenolic compounds as potential antimicrobials against pathogenic bacteria. Microbial Pathogenesis, 130, 259–270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2019.03.025
Luchini, C., Stubbs, B., Solmi, M., & Veronese, N. (2017). Assessing the quality of studies in meta-analyses: Advantages and limitations of the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. World Journal of Meta-Analysis, 5(4), 80–84. https://doi.org/10.13105/wjma.v5.i4.80
Ma, H., Feng, C., & Mills, J.V. (1970). Ying-yai Sheng-lan: 'The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores' (1433). p. 92. ISBN 9780521010320.
Marzaimi, N., & Aizat, W.M. (2019). Chapter 17 - Current review on mangosteen usages in antiinflammation and other related disorders. In Bioactive Food as Dietary Interventions for Arthritis and Related Inflammatory Diseases (2nd ed., pp. 273–289). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-813820-5.00017-9
Micek, S.T., Wunderink, R.G., Kollef, M.H., Chen, C., Rello, J., Chastre, J., et al. (2015, December 1). An international multicenter retrospective study of Pseudomonas aeruginosa nosocomial pneumonia: Impact of multidrug resistance. Critical Care. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-015-0926-5
Morton, J.F. (1987). Fruits of warm climates. Miami, Florida, USA: Center for New Crops & Plant Products, Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, 301–304.
Moser, P. (2020). Out of control? Managing baseline variability in experimental studies with control groups. In A. Bespalov, M. Michel, & T. Steckler (Eds.), Good Research Practice in Non-Clinical Pharmacology and Biomedicine (Vol. 257).
Nassar, M., Hazzah, W., & Bakr, W. (2019). Evaluation of antibiotic susceptibility test results: How guilty a laboratory could be? Journal of Egypt Public Health Association, 94, 4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42506-018-0006-1
Negi, P.S., Jayaprakasha, G.K., & Jena, B.S. (2008). Antibacterial activity of the extracts from the fruit rinds of Garcinia cowa and Garcinia pedunculata against foodborne pathogens and spoilage bacteria. LWT - Food Science and Technology, 41, 1857–1861. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2008.01.015
Nimer, N. (2022). Nosocomial infection and antibiotic-resistant threat in the Middle East. Infectious Diseases and Therapy, 15, 631–639. https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S351755
Niranjan, M., Vaishnav, V., & Mankar, P. (2020). In-vitro analysis of antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Garcinia mangostana L. (pericarp) and Clitoria ternatea (flower). The Pharma Innovation Journal, 9(3), 468–472. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/351226781
Obolskiy, D., Pischel, I., Siriwatanametanon, N., & Heinrich, M. (2009, August). Garcinia mangostana L.: A phytochemical and pharmacological review. Phytotherapy Research, 23(8), 1047–1065. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2730
Page, M., McKenzie, J., Bossuyt, P., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T., Mulrow, C., Lalu, M. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 372, n71. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
Palawakong, C., Sophanodora, P., Toivonen, P., & Delaquis, P. (2013). Optimized extraction and characterization of antimicrobial phenolic compounds from mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) cultivation and processing waste. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 93(15). https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.6277
Pohan, D., & Rahmawati, F. (2022). The effect of mangosteen pericarp (Garcinia mangostana Linn) extract on inhibiting the growth of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. International Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 29–38. Retrieved from http://repository.uki.ac.id/7816/
Russell, A.D. (2004). Chapter 3: Factors influencing the efficacy of antimicrobial agents. In Russell, Hugo & Ayliffe's Principles and Practice of Disinfection, Preservation & Sterilization (4th ed., pp. 98–127). Blackwell Publishing Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470755884.ch3
Salam, M., Al-Amin, M., Pawar, J., Akhter, N., & Lucy, I. (2023). Conventional methods and future trends in antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 30, 103582. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103582
Schmidt, A., Bénard, S., & Cyr, S. (2015). Hospital cost of Staphylococcal infection after cardiothoracic or orthopedic operations in France: A retrospective database analysis. Surgical Infections, 16(4), 428–435. https://doi.org/10.1089/sur.2014.045
Sodata, P., Juntavee, A., Juntavee, N., & Peerapattana, J. (2017). Optimization of adhesive pastes for dental caries prevention. AAPS PharmSciTech, 18, 3087–3096. https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-017-0916-4
Spratt, M., & Lane, K. (2022). Navigating environmental transitions: The role of phenotypic variation in bacterial responses. mBio, 13(6), e02212-22. https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.02212-22
Suhartati, R., Apriyani, F., Khusnul, V., Virgianti, D., & Fathurohman, M. (2019). Antimicrobial activity test of mangosteen leaves ethanol extract (Garcinia mangostana Linn) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1179. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1179/1/012167
Sultan, O., Kantilal, H., Khoo, S., Davamani, A., Eusufzai, S., Rashid, F., Alam, M. (2022). The potential of α-mangostin from Garcinia mangostana as an effective antimicrobial agent: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Antibiotics, 11(6), 717. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11060717
Sundaram, B., Gopalakrishnan, C., Subramanian, S., Shankaranarayanan, D., & Kameswaran, L. (1983). Antimicrobial activities of Garcinia mangostana. Planta Medica, 48(5), 59–60. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-969882
Tadtong, S., Vorarat, S., Viriyaroj, A., Nimkulrat, S., & Suksamrarn, S. (2009). Antityrosinase and antibacterial activities of mangosteen pericarp extract. Journal of Health Research, 23(2), 99–102. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242617097
Taher, M., Susanti, D., Rezali, M.F., Zohri, F.S.A., Ichwan, S.J.A., Alkhamaiseh, S.I., & Ahmad, F. (2012). Apoptosis, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of phytochemicals from Garcinia malaccensis Hk.f. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 5, 136–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1995-7645(12)60023-6
Van Spijk, J.N., Schmitt, S., & Schoster, A. (2017). Infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria in an equine hospital (2012–2015). Equine Veterinary Education, 31(12), 653–658. https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.12837
Winslow, R., Skripsky, S., & Kelly, S. (2016). Not just for citations: Assessing Zotero while reassessing research. In B.J. D'Angelo, S. Jamieson, B. Maid, & J.R. Walker (Eds.), Information Literacy: Research and Collaboration across Disciplines (pp. 287–304). https://doi.org/10.37514/PER-B.2016.0834.1.3
Yusuf, B., Abraha, B., Salih, K., Abdurahman, A., Alemu, S., Wondimu, A., & Bayu, Y. (2022). In vitro antibacterial evaluation of four selected medicinal plants against Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis in Mieso District, West Hararghe Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. The Open Microbiology Journal, 16, 128–134. https://doi.org/10.2174/18742858161614211284
Zhang, L., Lin, I., & Ye, W. (2022). Techniques for extraction and isolation of natural products: A comprehensive review. Chinese Medicine, 13(20). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13020-018-0177-x
Zhen, X., Lundborg, C., Zha, M., Sun, X., Li, Y., Hu, X., & Dong, H. (2020). Clinical and economic impact of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A multicenter study in China. Scientific Reports, 10, 11838. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-60825-6
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Sienna Karen Fornal, Sophia Subaldo, Romeliza Saquido, Dulce Marie Nisperos, Anthony Ian Pag-ong
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
