A Dual-Functional Color-Shiftable Ion Imprinted Polymer for Visual Detection and Online Preconcentration of Trace Cu2+

Dita Arifa Nurani; Untung Triadhi; Dian Ayu Setyorini; Muhammad Bachri Amran

doi:10.11113/mjfas.v22n5.5642

Authors

Dita Arifa Nurani Chemistry Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40116, Indonesia , Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Pondok Cina, Depok 16424, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2991-6859 (unauthenticated)
Untung Triadhi Chemistry Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40116, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1390-0879 (unauthenticated)
Dian Ayu Setyorini Chemistry Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40116, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9790-9514 (unauthenticated)
Muhammad Bachri Amran Chemistry Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40116, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3183-3406 (unauthenticated)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v22n5.5642

Keywords:

Ion imprinted polymer, PAR, copper, flow injection analysis (FIA), DIC analysis

Abstract

A dual-functional Cu-Ion Imprinted Polymer (Cu-IIP) was prepared using a facile imprinting method as a color-responsive adsorbent for simultaneous visual detection and selective online preconcentration of trace Cu²⁺ ions. Cu-IIP was obtained by bulk polymerization using the chromophore ligand 4-pyridylazo resorcinol (PAR), the functional monomer 4-vinyl pyridine, the crosslinker ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), the porogen methanol, and the initiator benzoyl peroxide (BPO) under mild condition (T 65 ^oC) for 2h. The synthesized imprinted polymers exhibited a maximum adsorption capacity of 67.32 mg. g^-1 for Cu²⁺ ions. Adsorption equilibrium followed Langmuir isotherm model (R² 0.9883), indicating homogeneous binding sites. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R² 0.9999) most accurately represents kinetic data, indicating significant chemical interactions between the metal ions and the sorbent. The thermodynamic parameters confirmed that the adsorption process is both spontaneous and exothermic (DG< 0). The Cu-IIP was integrated into an online Flow Injection Analysis (FIA) coupled with flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FIA-FAAS). The method showed a good linearity from 100-1000 mg. L^-1 with R² 0.9919, a detection limit (LoD) of 3.07 mg. L^-1, a LoQ of 9.03 mg. L^-1, a preconcentration factor of 2.2, and a good precision 3.53%. Application of Cu-IIP-FIA-FAAS system to a water sample demonstrated high accuracy, with recovery values 102.9-105.5%. In addition, the incorporation of PAR demonstrated a distinct concentration-dependent color change, highlighting its dual functionality as both a selective

References

[1] V. Singh, G. Ahmed, S. Vedika, P. Kumar, S.K. Chaturvedi, S.N. Rai, E. Vamanu, A. Kumar, Sci. Rep. 14 (2024) 7595. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-58061-3.

[2] A. Alengebawy, S.T. Ahmed, R. Qureshi, W. Sundas, M.Q. Wang, Toxics 9 (2021) 42. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics9030042.

[3] S. Kotnala, S. Tiwari, A. Nayak, B. Bhushan, S. Chandra, C.R. Medeiros, H.D.M. Coutinho, Sci. Total Environ. 987 (2025) 179785. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179785.

[4] Y. Zou, S. Wu, X. Xu, X. Tan, S. Yang, T. Chen, J. Zhang, S. Li, W. Li, F. Wang, Int. Immunopharmacol. 133 (2024) 112075. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112075.

[5] R. Manne, M.M.R.M. Kumaradoss, R.S.R. Iska, A. Devarajan, N. Mekala, Appl. Water Sci. 12 (2022) 27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-021-01542-x.

[6] S. Joshi, R.K. Srivastava, Environ. Monit. Assess. 191 (2019) 615. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-019-7777-5.

[7] M. Li, M.Y. Li, C.G. Feng, Q.X. Zeng, Appl. Surf. Sci. 314 (2014) 1063–1069. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.06.038.

[8] M.A. Darweesh, M.Y. Elgendy, M.I. Ayad, A.M.M. Ahmed, N.M.K. Elsayed, W.A. Hammad, S. Afr. J. Chem. Eng. 40 (2022) 10–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajce.2022.01.002.

[9] M. Shahrashoub, S. Bakhtiari, Microporous Mesoporous Mater. 311 (2021) 10692. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2020.110692.

[10] G. Duan, X. Li, X. Ma, W. Zhong, S. Wang, Sci. Total Environ. 864 (2023) 160984. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160984.

[11] Z. Wang, W. Xu, F. Jie, Z. Zhao, K. Zhou, H. Liu, Sci. Rep. 11 (2021) 16878. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96465-7.

[12] T.C. Egbosiuba, A.S. Abdulkareem, J. Mater. Res. Technol. 15 (2021) 2848–2872. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.09.094.

[13] P. Cao, V. Pichon, C. Dreanno, K. Boukerma, N. Delaunay, Talanta 256 (2023) 124295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124295.

[14] T. Zhang, X. Yue, K. Zhang, F. Zhao, Y. Wang, K. Zhang, Hydrometallurgy 169 (2017) 599–606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2017.04.005.

[15] Y. Pan, F. Zhang, W. Gao, Y. Sun, S. Zhang, H. Lian, L. Mao, Chin. J. Chromatogr. 40 (2022) 979–987. https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1123.2022.07013.

[16] F.A. Mustafai, A. Balouch, Abdullah, N. Jalbani, M.I. Bhanger, M.S. Jagirani, A. Kumar, A. Tunio, Eur. Polym. J. 109 (2018) 133–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.09.041.

[17] Y. El Ouardi, A. Giove, M. Laatikainen, C. Branger, K. Laatikainen, J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 9 (2021) 106548. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2021.106548.

[18] S. Mishra, A. Tripathi, J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 8 (2020) 103656. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2020.103656.

[19] S. Rais, A. Islam, I. Ahmad, S. Kumar, A. Chauhan, H. Javed, Food Chem. 334 (2021) 127656. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127563.

[20] A. Kocyła, A. Pomorski, A. Kręzel, J. Inorg. Biochem. 152 (2015) 82–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.08.024.

[21] D.K. Singh, S. Mishra, Chromatographia 70 (2009) 1539–1545. https://doi.org/10.1365/s10337-009-1379-2.

[22] B.-C. Iacob, A.E. Bodoki, L. Oprean, E. Bodoki, in: C. Saravanan, B. Biswas (Eds.), Ligand, IntechOpen, London, 2018, p. 1–28. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.73407.

[23] X. Cai, J. Li, Z. Zhang, F. Yang, R. Dong, L. Chen, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 6 (2014) 15739–15748. https://doi.org/10.1021/am4042405.

[24] A. Cihanbay, H. Sari, F.N. Al-Obaidi, H. Atabey, Russ. J. Inorg. Chem. 69 (2024) 1165–1172. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0036023623603458.

[25] E.Y. Bivián-Castro, A. Zepeda-Navarro, J.L. Guzmán-Mar, M. Flores-Alamo, B. Mata-Ortega, Polymers 15 (2023) 1186. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15051186.

[26] Y. Jiang, B. Tang, P. Zhao, M. Xi, Y. Li, J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym. Mater. 31 (2021) 4628–4636. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-021-02065-3.

[27] T.P. Rao, R. Kala, S. Daniel, Anal. Chim. Acta 578 (2006) 105–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2006.06.065.

[28] S. Daniel, R.S. Praveen, T.P. Rao, Anal. Chim. Acta 570 (2006) 79–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2006.04.007.

[29] T. Bicim, M. Yaman, J. AOAC Int. 99 (2016) 1043–1048. https://doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.16-0088.

[30] F. Fereidoonipour, H.R. Rajabi, New J. Chem. 41 (2017) 8828–8836. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7nj00893g.

[31] D.F. Moreira Naves, C. dos Reis Feliciano, M.G. Santos, Anal. Chim. Acta 1296 (2024) 342308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2024.342308.

[32] A. Lamaoui, J.J. García-Guzmán, A. Amine, J.M. Palacios-Santander, L. Cubillana-Aguilera, in: S. Thomas, M.P. Patil (Eds.), Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Composites: Synthesis, Characterisation and Applications, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2020, p. 49–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-819952-7.00002-0.

[33] D. Qi, H. Zhang, Z. Zhou, Z. Ren, J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 11 (2023) 110804. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2023.110804.

[34] M. Behbahani, P.G. Hassanlou, M.M. Amini, H.R. Moazami, H.S. Abandansari, A. Bagheri, S.H. Zadeh, Food Anal. Methods 8 (2015) 558–568. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-014-9924-5.

[35] M. Boudias, A. Gourgiotis, C. Cazala, V. Pichon, N. Delaunay, Adv. Sample Prep. 5 (2023) 100049. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sampre.2022.100049.

[36] T. Zhang, X. Yue, K. Zhang, J. Li, C. Zhu, L. Zhang, W. Chen, Mater. Des. 107 (2016) 372–377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2016.06.054.

[37] Z. Dahaghin, H.Z. Mousavi, L. Boutorabi, J. Mol. Liq. 243 (2017) 380–386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2017.08.018.

[38] Y. Sun, Y. Gu, P. Zhang, J. Hazard. Mater. 424 (2022) 127735. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127735.

[39] M.A. Al-Ghouti, D.A. Da’ana, J. Hazard. Mater. 393 (2020) 122383. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122383.

[40] E. Ghorbani, S. Bagheri Renani, P. Zahedi, New J. Chem. 48 (2024) 9794–9804. https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nj01254b.

[41] L. Zhou, C. Shang, Z. Liu, G. Huang, A.A. Adesina, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 366 (2012) 165–172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2011.09.069.

[42] J. Long, X. Luo, X. Yin, X. Wu, J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 4 (2016) 4776–4785. (Nota: Tiada DOI disediakan dalam fail sumber 2)

[43] N. Ambarsari, M.A. Zulfikar, M.B. Amran, Anal. Bioanal. Chem. Res. 10 (2023) 71–86. https://doi.org/10.22036/abcr.2022.345322.1782.

[44] Y. Li, C. Wang, J. Zhao, X. Liu, M. Ma, A. Gao, K. Sun, Anal. Methods 17 (2025) 5807–5830. https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ay00626k.

[45] U. Haseen, S. Kapoor, R.A. Khan, B.H. Koo, RSC Adv. 15 (2025) 8729–8739. https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ra08024f.

[46] M.B. Amran, N. Ambarsari, M.A. Zulfikar, A. Indrawati, R. Rusnadi, S. Hamdi, J. Anal. Test. 8 (2024) 180–190. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41664-024-00294-2.

[47] H. Liu, D. Kong, W. Sun, Q. Li, Z. Zhou, Z. Ren, Chem. Eng. J. 303 (2016) 348–358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2016.06.004.

[48] G. de Carvalho Oliveira, C.C.S. Machado, D.K. Inácio, J.F. da Silveira Petruci, S.G. Silva, Talanta 241 (2022) 123244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123244.

[49] Y. Fan, J. Li, Y. Guo, L. Xie, G. Zhang, Measurement 171 (2021) 108829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2020.108829.

[50] F.A. Cajamarca Suquila, L.A. Bertoldo, E. Lins, C.R.T. Tarley, Separations 10 (2023) 122. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations10020122.

[51] Y. Gao, R.Y. Zhou, L. Yao, W. Yin, J.X. Yu, Q. Yue, Z. Xue, H. He, B. Gao, J. Hazard. Mater. 424 (2022) 127203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127203.

A Dual-Functional Color-Shiftable Ion Imprinted Polymer for Visual Detection and Online Preconcentration of Trace Cu²⁺

Authors

DOI:

Keywords:

Abstract

References

Downloads

Published

Issue

Section

License

How to Cite

cover

MJFAS

Latest publications