Optimal concentration of mangrove (Rhizophora mucronata) leaf and propagule based natural dye

Abstract

This research aims to discover total extract level from leaf and propagule of mangrove Rhizophora mucronata, Baume relationship and extract level from leaf and propagule of mangrove, the result of color extract for fabric cotton, phytochemical screening of active compounds contained in mangroves and dye application by fractionation method using column chromatography. The methods employed in this study by means of Baume scale, gravimetric analysis of extract contents, phytochemical screening, and column gravity chromatography separated color of the pigment. The results showed that the higher the level of extract, the greater the mass of the species and the higher the level of extract, the color will be darker. During the soxhlet extraction process, water contents of the material were at 60% for fresh leaves, 18% for dehydrated leaves, 16% for mangrove fruit propagule, and 14% for mangrove branch propagule. Average dye contents were measured at 5% for fresh leaves, 22% for dehydrated leaves, 17% for mangrove fruit propagule, and 21% for mangrove branch propagule. The colors resulted from treatment of the samples using limestone, alum and lotus solutions from each mangrove leaf and propagule sample were different from white to dark brown. The optimal concentration of dye found in this study were 0.0071 g/mL for fresh leaves, 0.0080 g/mL for dehydrated leaves, 0.0255 g/mL for fruit propagule, and 0.0275 g/mL for branch propagule. Phytochemical test results also show that the pigment associated to the blackish-green hue was tannin, and that which was associated with red was flavonoid and quinone. The result of column chromatography showed that on leaf waste and skin is found in blackish green color and on the skin can be found in red.