Separation time analysis of transient magnetohydrodynamic mixed convection flow of nanofluid at lower stagnation point past a sphere

Authors

  • Mohamad Alif Ismail UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA
  • Nurul Farahain Mohammad IIUM, KUANTAN PAHANG
  • Sharidan Shafie UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v13n3.637

Keywords:

Unsteady Flow, Mixed Convection, Nanofluid, Magnetohydrodynamic

Abstract

In this paper, the unsteady magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) mixed convection flow of nanofluid at lower stagnation point past a sphere is studied. Nanoparticles Cu and TiO2 with water as a base fluid are considered. The separation times of the flow as the boundary layer start to separate at the surface of the sphere are given attention. The governing boundary layer equations in the form of partial differential equations are transformed into nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations and solved numerically using an implicit finite-difference scheme known as Keller-box method. Results of the separation times of boundary layer flow for viscous and nanofluid influenced by magnetic parameter and volume fraction are shown in tabular form and analysed. This study concluded that the separation times can be delayed by added more magnetic particles and small amount the volume fraction.

References

Khan, W. A., Pop, I. 2010. Boundary-layer flow of a nanofluid past a stretching sheet. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. 53, 2477-83.

Choi, S. 1995. Enhancing thermal conductivity of fluids with nanoparticles. ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. 66, 99-105.

Choi, S. U. S., Zhang, Z. G., Yu, W., Lockwood, F. E., Grulke, E. A. 2001. Anomalously thermal conductivity enhancement in nanotube Suspensions. Applied Physics Letters. 79, 2252–2254.

Das, S. K., Choi, S. U. S., Yu, W., Pradet, T. 2007. Nanofluids: Science and Technology. River Street Hoboken, N. J.: Wiley.

Maiga, S. E. B., Palm, S. J., Nguyen, C. T., Roy, G., Galanis, N. 2005.

Heat transfer enhancement by using nanofluids in forced convection flows. International Journal of Heat Fluid Flow. 26, 530-46.

Buongiorno, J. 2006. Convective transport in nanofluids. ASME Journal of Heat Transfer. 128, 240-50.

Daungthongsuk, W., Wongwises, S. 2007. A critical review of convective heat transfer nanofluids. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews. 11, 797-817.

Trisaksri, V., Wongwises, S. 2007. Critical review of heat transfer characteristics of nanofluids. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews. 11, 512-23.

Kakaç, S., Pramuanjaroenkij, A. 2009. Review of convective heat transfer enhancement with nanofluids. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. 52, 3187-3196.

Nazar, R., Amin, N., Pop, I. 2002. Mixed convection boundary layer flow from a sphere with a constant surface heat flux in a micropolar fluid. Journal of Energy Heat and Mass Transfer. 24, 195-212.

Yuge, T. 1960. Experiments on heat transfer from spheres including combined natural and forced convection. Journal of Heat Transfer. 82, 214-220.

Klaychko, L. S. 1963. Heat transfer between a gas and a sphericalsurface with the combined action of free and forced convection. Journal of Heat Transfer. 85, 355–357.

Hieber, C. A., Gebhart, B. 1969. Mixed convection from a sphere at small Reynolds and Grashof numbers. Journal of Fluid Mechanics. 38, 137-159.

Chen, T. S., Mucoglu, A. 1977. Analysis of mixed forced and free convection about a sphere. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. 20, 867-875.

Mucoglu, A., Chen, T. S. 1978. Mixed convection about a sphere with uniform surface heat flux. Journal of Heat Transfer. 100, 542-544.

Dennis, S. C. R., Walker, J. D. A. 1971. Calculation of the steady flow past a sphere at low and moderate Reynolds numbers. Journal of Fluid Mechanics. 48, 771-789.

El-Shaarawi, M. A. I., Ahmad, N. T., Kodak, Z. 1990. Mixed convection about a rotating sphere in an axial stream. Numerical Heat Transfer. 18, 71-93.

Nazar, R., Amin, N., Pop, I. 2002. On the mixed convection boundary-layer flow about a solid sphere with constant surface temperature. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering. 27, 117-135.

Tham, L., Nazar, R. Pop, I. 2011. Mixed convection boundary-layer flow about an isothermal solid sphere in a nanofluid. Physica Scripta. 84, 1-13.

Kasim, A. R. M., Mohammad, N. F., Anwar, I., Shafie, S. 2013. MHD effect on convective boundary layer flow of a viscoelastic fluid embedded in porous medium with Newtonian heating. Recent Advances in Mathematics. 182-189.

Dasman, A., Kasim, M., Rahman, A., Mohammad, N. F., Mangi, A., Shafie, S. 2013. Mixed convection boundary layer flow of viscoelastic fluids past a sphere. Defect and Diffusion Forum. 336, 57-63.

Mohammad, N. F., Kasim, A. R. M., Ali, A., Shafie, S. 2013. Effect of MHD on unsteady boundary layer flow past a sphere. Proceedings of The 3rd Annual International Conference Syiah Kuala University (AIC Unsyiah) 2013 In conjunction with The 2nd International Conference on Multidisciplinary Research (ICMR) 2013. 2-4 October. Banda Acheh. 3, 110-115.

Mohammad, N. F., Kasim, A. R. M., Ali, A., Shafie. S. 2014. Separation times analysis of unsteady magnetohydrodynamics mixed convective flow past a sphere. AIP Conference Proceedings - 21st National Symposium on Mathematical Sciences: Germination of Mathematical Sciences Education and Research Towards Global Sustainability SKSM 21. 6-8 November 2013. Penang, Malaysia, 1605, 349-354.

Tiwari, R.K., Das, M. K. 2007. Heat transfer augmentation in a two- sided lid-driven differentially heated square cavity utilizing nanofluids. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. 50, 2002-2018.

Oztop, H. F., Abu-Nada, E. 2008. Numerical study of natural convection in partially heated rectangular enclosures filled with nanofluids. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow. 29, 1326-1336.

Selvakumar, R. D., Dhinakaran, S. 2016. Unpredictable nature of nanofluid flow: a study on effects of uncertainties in effective viscosity. Procedia Technology. 25, 934-941.

Downloads

Published

28-09-2017