Immobilization of Cadmium Via Ureolytic Bacteria Isolated from Greywater Waste and Horse Faeces
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v20n5.3416Keywords:
Heavy Metal, bioremediation, ureolytic bacteria, MICP, Horse Faeces, Greywater.Abstract
With the constant growth of technology and pollution caused by urban expansion, heavy metal contamination has become an alarming concern. The performance of Microbial induced carbonate precipitation technology in immobilizing heavy metal has been demonstrated by several researchers. While various studies have successfully isolated ureolytic bacteria from a variety of sources, there are very limited studies that have focused on isolating them from local waste sources, specifically Greywater and Horse Faeces for MICP application, which benefits in terms of economical, sustainability, and efficiency for engineering purposes. The study aims to investigate the effect of urease-producing bacteria derived from Greywater and horse faeces on heavy metal immobilization. The methods include collecting waste samples, isolating and subculturing of ureolytic bacteria, testing the physiological characteristics of ureolytic bacteria, examining the tolerance test and evaluating heavy metal removal efficacy through Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) analysis, and last but not least, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyses of morphological and mineralogical properties of biominerals formed after heavy metal immobilization treatment. The study found that bacteria from Greywater were more effective at heavy metal immobilization than those from Horse Faeces. Additionally, AAS analysis indicates the greywater-derived bacteria from the residential area sample's exceptional competence in Cd2+ removal, with a significant 80.19% removal rate exceeding the horse faeces bacteria sample's removal rate of 65.26%. The morphological analysis confirmed the presence of heavy metal carbonate in treated heavy metal samples, as well as presenting insight into the effectiveness and application of local ureolytic bacteria's potential for heavy metal toxicity degradation.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Anis Amira Afandi, Hazlami Fikri Basri, Armstrong Ighodalo Omoregie, Mohd Akmali Mokhter, Hirofumi Hara, Tariq Ouahbi
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