Potential mutant of Lentinula edodes with high yield of (1-3), (1-6-), β-D-glucan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v15n2-1.1558Keywords:
DM, MM, mutation, ISSR-PCR, Lentinula edodesAbstract
Lentinula edodes or better known as Shiitake mushroom contains β-1,3;1,6-glucan as part of the cell wall components and studies have shown that it has the ability to enhance the immune system and work as anticancer. The aim of this study is to create potential strain of L. edodes with the high content of β-1,3;1,6-glucan, which has the potential for biotechnological purposes. L. edodes spores were irradiated with gamma ray (Ɣ-rays) and incubated, which formed monokaryon mycelium (MM). Compatible mating of mutated monokaryon formed mutant line dikaryon mycelium (MLDM) that were selected for genotypic and phenotypic comparison with the wild-type line dikaryon mycelium (WLDM). The concentration of β-1,3;1,6-glucan were measured using a commercial β-Glucan Megazyme Assay Kit (Yeast & Mushroom). Three MLDM, (A37, A26, and C07) 38.8, 36.0 and 34.5 %w/w of 100 mg respectively, significantly produced higher amount of β-1,3;1,6-glucan in comparison with WLDM (20.2 %w/w of 100 mg).
References
Bak, W. C., Park, J. H., Park, Y. A., Ka, K. H. 2014. Determination of glucan contents in the fruiting bodies and mycelia of Lentinula edodes cultivars. Mycobiology. 42, 3, 301–305.
Bisen, P. S., Baghel, R. K., Sanodiya, B. S., Thakur, G. S. & Prasad, G. 2010. Lentinus edodes: A macrofungus with pharmacological activities. Curr Med Chem. 17, 22, 2419–2430.
Boominathan, K., Dass, S., Randall, T. 1990. Nitrogen-deregulated mutants of Phanerochaete chrysosporium—A lignin-degrading basidiomycete. Arch. Microbiol. 153, 6, 521–527.
Crognale, S., Bruno, M., Fidaleo, M., Moresi, M. & Petruccioli, M. 2007. Production of β-glucan and related glucan-hydrolases by Botryosphaeria rhodina. J Appl Microbiol. 102, 3, 860–871.
Du, B., Bian, Z., Xu, B. 2014. Skin health promotion effects of natural beta-glucan derived from cereals and microorganisms: A review. Phytother Res. 28, 2, 159–166.
Fu, H. -W., Li, Y. -F., Shu, Q. -Y. 2008. A revisit of mutation induction by gamma rays in rice (Oryza sativa L.): Implications of microsatellite markers for quality control. Mol. Breed. 22, 2, 281–288.
Fukuda, M., Harada, Y., Imahori, S., Fukumasa-Nakai, Y., Hayashi, Y. 1995. Inheritance of mitochondrial DNA in sexual crosses and protoplast cell fusions in Lentinula edodes. Curr. Gene. 27, 6, 550–554.
Godfrey, B., Akileswaran, L., Gold, M. 1994. A reporter gene construct for studying the regulation of manganese peroxidase gene expression. Appl Environ Microbiol. 60, 4, 1353–1358.
Hatada, M. H., Lu, X., Laird, E. R., Green, J., Morgenstern, J. P., Lou, M., Marr, C. S., Phillips, T. B., Ram, M. K., Theriault, K. 1995. Molecular basis for interaction of the protein tyrosine kinase ZAP-70 with the T-cell receptor. Nature. 377, 6544, 32–38.
Hiroki, Sh., Catherine, P., Randi, V., Paolo, M., Bojana, P., Jianqing, X., John, P.O., Kazunori, H., Shinji, S., Kazuhisa, T., Dominic, C., Marie-Paule L. K. I., 2014. Antibody informatics for drug discovery. Biochim Biophys Acta Proteins Proteom. 1844, 11, 2002-2015.
Ibrahim, M., Mohamad, A., Daud, F., Kadir, Z. A., Nie, H. J., Hussain, H. H., Safina, W., Razak, W. A., Airianah, O. B., Fazry, S. 2017. Variants production of Lentinula edodes spores, monokaryon mycelium and dikaryon mycelium by Ɣ- irradiation. Malays Appl Biol. 46, 1, 77–82.
Jiang, T., Luo, S., Chen, Q., Shen, L., Ying, T. 2010. Effect of integrated application of gamma irradiation and modified atmosphere packaging on physicochemical and microbiological properties of shiitake mushroom (Lentinus edodes). Food Chem. 122, 3, 761–767.
Kaur, A. & Sodhi, H. S. 2015. Characterization of single spore isolates of Volvariella volvacea (Bulliard: Fries) Singer. J. Appl. Hortic. 17, 3, 236–240.
Kawasumi, T., Baba, T. & Yanagi, S. 1988. Protoplast fusion of incompatible mating type combinations of Lentinus edodes (Shiitake) auxotrophs. Agr Biol Chem. 52, 12, 3197–3199.
Lee, K. J., Kim, J. B., Choi, H. I., Ha, B. K., Kang, S. Y., & Kim, D. S. (2015). Selection of soybean mutant lines with altered seed coat colour and their antioxidant activity. Plant Breeding, 134(5), 573-579.
Lee, Y. K., Chang, H. H., Kim, J. S., Kim, J. K. & Lee, K. S. 2000. Lignocellulolytic mutants of Pleurotus ostreatus induced by gamma-ray radiation and their genetic similarities. Rad. Phys. Chem. 57, 2, 145–150.
Makkar, H. P. S., Siddhuraju, P. & Becker, K. Glucosinolates. Humana Press, Totowa, 2007, p.55.
Malekzadeh, K., Mohsenifard, E. & Jalalzadeh, M. 2014. Identification and strain-typing of button mushroom using ISSR, ITS and IGS markers. Mod Genet J. 2014, 2014, 343–352.
Mata, G., Salmones, D. & Pérez-Merlo, R. 2016. Hydrolytic enzyme activities in shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) strains cultivated on coffee pulp. Revi. Argen. de Microb. 48, 3, 191–195.
Pérez, P. & Ribas, J. 2013. Fungal cell wall analysis. Laboratory Protocols in Fungal Biology, Springer, New York.
Rashid, R. A., Mohamad, A., Awang, M. R., Mutaat, H. H., Mohamad, S. A., Hasan, A. A., Maskom, M. M. and Nahar, S. K. M. (2013). Isolation and optimization of inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) technique for Pleurotus sajor caju towards enviromental study in support of the country’s nuclear power programme. Jurnal Sains Nuklear Malaysia, 25(1), 1-8.
Roemer, T. & Bussey, H. 1991. Yeast beta-glucan synthesis: KRE6 encodes a predicted type II membrane protein required for glucan synthesis in vivo and for glucan synthase activity in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 88, 24, 11295–11299.
Sahasrabudhe, N. M., Tian, L., van den Berg, M., Bruggeman, G., Bruininx, E., Schols, H. A., Faas, M. M. & de Vos, P. 2016. Endo-glucanase digestion of oat β-Glucan enhances Dectin-1 activation in human dendritic cells. J Funct Foods. 21, 104–112.
Saidu, M., Busari, A., Yuzir, A. & Salim, M. 2015. Effect of oyster mushroom on biodegradation of oil palm mesocarp fibre. Int J Environ Ecol Eng. 9, 10, 1248–1252.
Sari, M., Prange, A., Lelley, J. & Hambitzer, R. 2017. Screening of beta-glucan contents in commercially cultivated and wild growing mushrooms. Food Chem. 216, 2017, 45–51.
Sato, Y., Shirasawa, K., Takahashi, Y., Nishimura, M. & Nishio, T. 2006. Mutant selection from progeny of gamma-ray-irradiated rice by DNA heteroduplex cleavage using Brassica petiole extract. Breed. Sci. 56, 2, 179–183.
Sharma, R. & Sharma, B.M. 2014. Strain improvement in Pleurotus Ostreatus using UV light and ethyl methyl sulfonate as mutagens. Afr J Microbiol Res. 8, 5, 432–436.
Shida, M., Ushioda, Y. & Nakajima, T. 1981. Structure of the alkali-insoluble skeletal glucan of Lentinus edodes. J Biochem. 90, 4, 1093-1100.
Singh, N. M., Singh, W. R. C., Singh, H. B. & Singh, W. N. 2016. DNA extraction from Siroi lily (Lilium mackliniae)-an endangered species using CTAB method. Euro J Exp Biol. 6, 4, 38–40.
Solomon, W. P., In: Coates, P. M., Paul, M. C., Blackman, M., Blackman, M. R., Cragg, G. M., Levine, M., White, J. D., Moss, J. & Levine, M. A (Eds.) Encyclopedia of Dietary Supplements, CRC Press, Florida, 2004, p.
-664.
Synytsya, A. & Novák, M. 2013. Structural diversity of fungal glucans. Carbohydr Polym. 92, 1, 792–809.
Szwengiel, A. & Stachowiak, B. 2016. Deproteinization of water-soluble ß-glucan during acid extraction from fruiting bodies of Pleurotus ostreatus mushrooms. Carbohydr Polym. 146, 310–319.
Wang, Y., Xu, G., Tang, X. & Chen, H. 2017. Polysaccharide lentinan extracted from the stipe of Lentinus edodes mushroom exerts anticancer activities through the transcriptional regulation of cell cycle. FASEB J. 31, Abstract No. lb391.
Yan, K., Zhu, B., Cheng, Y., Li, Q. & Zhao, H. 1996. Transformation of Pleurotus sapidus protoplasts by electroporation. Chin J Biotechnol. 12, 4, 40–44.
Zeković, D. B., Kwiatkowski, S., Vrvić, M. M., Jakovljević, D. & Moran, C. A. 2005. Natural and modified (1→3)-β-D-glucans in health promotion and disease alleviation. Crit Rev Biotechnol. 25, 4, 205–230.
Zhao, H., Wang, Y., Yang, D., Zhao, X., Li, N. & Zhou, Y. 2016. An analysis of genetic diversity in Marphysa sanguinea from different geographic populations using ISSR polymorphisms. Biochem Syst Ecol. 64, 65–69.
Zolan, M. E., Tremel, C. J. & Pukkila, P. J. 1988. Production and characterization of radiation-sensitive meiotic mutants of Coprinus cinereus. Genetics. 120, 2, 379–387.
