Use of reliability tested clinically data towards a portable device measurement kit system for upper limb spasticity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v15n4.1493Keywords:
Upper limb, stroke, rehabilitationAbstract
Spasticity refers to the abnormal symptom of having resistance in the joints when patients tried to make a movement. Patients with spasticity need to undergo multiple therapy sessions with medical intervention to ensure that the upper limb achieve maximal function. Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) is frequently used in clinical assessment with grading on a scale. However, this scale is limited in sensitivity and the accuracy of this evaluation is dependent on the physician’s and therapist’s experience. This study suggests developing a portable measurement device kit system during clinical assessment to reduce inter- and intra-rater variability, and to assist clinicians in making quick clinical evaluation of spasticity. In this study, 19 patients were involved in the data acquisition. Assessment data from upper limb of patients with spasticity were recorded using a Manual Muscle Tester (MMT) and digital goniometer to measure force and the angular motion. During the assessment, patients were examined through slow and fast motion for spasticity evaluation. The collected data were analyzed to study intra-rater reliability value by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The results of Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) values for all patients were in range 0.78 to 0.89. It can be considered that the collected data was reliable and can be used to formulate a model towards the development of a portable device measurement kit system for upper limb spasticity.
References
Adams, M. M., Hicks, A. L. (2005). Spasticity after spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord, 43(10), 577–586.
Biering-Sørensen, F., Nielsen, J. B., Klinge, K. (2006). Spasticity-assessment: A review. Spinal Cord, 44(12), 708–722.
Burridge, J. H., Wood, D. E., Hermens, H. J., Voerman, G. E., Johnson, G. R., van Wijck, F., … Pandyan, a. D. (2005). Theoretical and methodological considerations in the measurement of spasticity. Disability and Rehabilitation, 27(1-2), 69–80.
Jonnalagedda, P., Deng, F., Douglas, K., Chukoskie, L., Yip, M., Ng, T. N., … Garudadri, H. (2016). An instrumented glove for improving spasticity assessment. IEEE-NIH 2016 Special Topics Conference on Healthcare Innovations and Point-of-Care Technologies. November 9-11, Cancun, Mexico: 167–170.
Kim, K. S., Seo, J. H., Song, C. G. (2011). Portable measurement system for the objective evaluation of the spasticity of hemiplegic patients based on the tonic stretch reflex threshold. Medical Engineering and Physics, 33(1), 62–69.
Koo, T. K., Li, M. Y. (2016). A guideline of selecting and reporting intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research. Journal of Chiropractic Medicine, 15(2), 155–163.
Krasner, A., Wininger, M., Kim, N. H., Craelius, W. (2011). Reaching toward quantitative metrics of spasticity. 2011 IEEE 37th Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference (NEBEC), 1-3 April, 2–3.
Mcgibbon, C. A., Sexton, A., Jones, M., Connell, C. O. (2016). Quantification of elbow muscle tone from an instrumented manual stretch-reflex test, 1(5), 1–11. Retrieved from https://www.oatext.com/Quantification-of-elbow-muscle-tone-from-an-instrumented-manual-stretch-reflex-test.php
World Health Organization (2004). Global burden of stroke, the atlas of heart disease and stroke. Geneva: World Health Organization. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/cardiovascular_diseases/resources/atlas/en/
Oujamaa, L., Relave, I., Froger, J., Mottet, D., Pelissier, J. Y. (2009).
Rehabilitation of arm function after stroke. Literature review. Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, 52(3), 269–293.
Satkunam, L. E. (2003). Rehabilitation medicine: 3. Management of adult spasticity. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 169(11), 1173–1179.
Silva, a. N., Silva, M. B., Marques, I. a., Naves, E. L. M., Soares, a. B. (2014). Proposal of a real-time computational tool for the measurement of spasticity in stroke patients. 5th ISSNIP-IEEE Biosignals and Biorobotics Conference (2014): Biosignals and Robotics for Better and Safer Living (BRC). 26-28 May. Salvador, Brazil.
Wu, Y. N., Park, H. S., Ren, Y., Gaebler-Spira, D., Chen, J. J., Zhang, L. Q. (2006). Measurement of elbow spasticity in stroke patients using a manual spasticity evaluator. 2006 International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. 30 August-3 Sept. New York, USA: 3974-3977.
Zakaria, N. A. C., Low, C. Y., Hanapiah, F. A., Komeda, T., Inoue, K., Shazidi, M. S., Hamsan, H. M. (2014). Evaluation of upper limb spasticity towards the development of a high-fidelity part-task trainer. Procedia Technology, 15, 817–826.
