The assessment of nuclear hydrogen cogeneration system (NHCS) for CO2 conversion to urea fertilizer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v16n2.1382Keywords:
NHCS, CO2 conversion, urea fertilizer, nuclear heatAbstract
This paper reviews the application of a nuclear hydrogen cogeneration system (NHCS) for conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) to urea fertilizer. The NHCS is powered by high temperature gas cooled reactor (HTGR)with 2x600 MWt which is sufficient to produce hydrogen and heat energy to convert CO2 from coal-fired power plants with a power of 90 MWe to urea fertilizer of 1725 tons per day. As a source CO2, a coal-fired power plant is built near NHCS. Compared to conventional fertilizer plant, the NHCS application can save natural gas by 21.25x106 MMBTU/year, with a potential reduction in CO2 emission rate of 1.66x106 tons/year. Besides, there is still nuclear heat remaining at about 425.65 MWt which is equivalent to 140.46 MWe of electricity, and 90 MWe of electricity from coal-fired power plants that can be connected to electric grid. The paper also discusses the significance of the combination of NHCS and the technology of CO2 conversion which is expected to play an important role in the industry in the future as an environmentally friendly approach.References
Prokofyeva, A., Gürtler, C. 2014. CO2 As Building Block for The Chemical Industry. United Nations Climate Change Conference, June 4-15, Germany.
Merajin, M. T., Sharifnia, S., Mansouri, A. M. 2014. Process modeling and optimization of simultaneous direct conversion of CO2 and CH4 greenhouse gas mixture over TiO2/webnet photocatalyst. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 45, 869–879.
Borgard, J. M., Tabarant, M. 2011. CO2 to fuel using nuclear power: The French case. Energy Procedia, 4, 2113–2120.
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). 2012. IAEA-TECDOC-1682: Advances in Nuclear Power Process Heat Applications. Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency.
S. Kasahara, J. Iwatsuki, H. Takegami, N. Tanaka, S. Kubo. 2017. Current R&D status of thermochemical water splitting iodine-sulfur process in Japan Atomic Energy Agency. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2(19), 13477-13485.
Idaho National Laboratory-DOE. 2010. Technical Evaluation Study Project No. 23843: Nuclear-Integrated Ammonia Production Analysis.
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). 2017. Opportunities for Cogeneration with Nuclear Energy. Vienna: IAEA Publication.
Khamis, I., Koshy, T., Kavvadias, K. C. 2013. Opportunity for Cogeneration in Nuclear Power Plants. The 2013 World Congress on Advances in Nano, Biomechanics, Robotics, and Energy Research. August 25-28, Seoul.
Forsberg, C. 2010. Nuclear power: Energy to produce liquid fuels and chemicals. American Institute of Chemical Engineer, CEP Magazine.
Lauritzen, B., Rajamäki, R. K. 2012. Nuclear Energy Efficiency Improvements. DTU International Energy Report, DTU National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy.
Yan, X., Sato, H., Noguch, H., Tachibana, Y., Kunitomi, K., Hino, R. 2014. A hybrid HTGR system producing electricity, hydrogen and such other products as water demanded in the Middle East. Nuclear Engineering and Design, 271, 20–29.
Verfondern, K., Yan, X., Nishihara, T., Allelein, H. J., 2017. Safety concept of nuclear cogeneration of hydrogen and electricity. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 42(11), 7551-7559.
Telsnig, T., Tomaschek, J., Ozdemir, E. D., Bruchof, D., Eltrop, L. 2013. Assess-ment of selected CCS technologies in electricity and synthetic fuel production for CO mitigation in South Africa. Energy Policy, 63, 168-180.
Styring, P., Jansen, D. 2011. Carbon capture and utilisation in the green economy using CO2 to manufacture fuel, chemicals and materials. Report no. 501. United Kingdom: The Centre for Low Carbon Futures Publication.
Aresta, M., Dibenedetto, A., Angelini, A. 2013. Review Article: The changing paradigm in CO2 utilization. Journal of CO2 Utilization, 3–4, 65–73.
Jiang, Z., Xiao, T., Kuznetsov, V. L., Edward, P. P. 2010. Review: turning carbon dioxide into fuel. Philosophical Transactions of Royal Society A, 368, 3343–3364.
Li, L., Wei, W., Zhao, N., Sun, Y. 2013. A review of research progress on CO2 capture, storage, and utilization in Chinese Academy of Sciences. Fuel, 108, 112–130.
Ravanchi, M. T., Sahebdelfar, S. 2014. Carbon dioxide capture and utilization in petrochemical industry: Potentials and challenges. Applied Petrochemical Research, 4, 63–77.
Salimy, D. H. 2014. Nuclear cogeneration application for water splitting at CO2 conversion to be urea fertilizer. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 16(2), 85-94 (in Bahasa).
Kent, J. A. 2010. Kent and Riegel's Handbook of Industrial Chemistry and Biotechnology: Vol. 1, 7th ed. New York: Springer Science & Business Media.
Ahokas, J. 2015. The Role of Nuclear Power in The Future Energy System. Lappeenranta University of Technology, Master's Thesis 2015.
Yang, C. J., Jackson, R. B. 2012. China’s growing methanol economy and its implications for energy and the environment. Energy Policy 41, 878–884.
Salimy, D. H. 2012. The application of high temperature nuclear heat for urea fertilizer plant. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 65-73. (in Bahasa).
Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT). 2013. Outlook Energy Indonesia 2013. Jakarta: BPPT.
Lanjekar, K., Gharat, N., Thakare, D. 2011. Green conversion technology for carbon dioxide utilization – A Short Review. International Conference on Current Trends in Technology, Nuicone, December 8-10, India.
Ravanchi, M. T., Sahebdelfar, S. 2014. Carbon dioxide capture and utilization in petrochemical industry: potentials and challenges. Applied Petrochemical Research, 4, 63–77.
Siemer, D., Hargraves, R., Sorensen, K. 2011. Nuclear ammonia: Thorium’s Killer App. 8th Annual NH3 Fuel Conference, September 18-21, NewYork.
Salimy, D. H., Alimah, S. 2015. Nuclear cogeneration application of hydrogen production from water for CO2 conversion to be methanol, Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 17(2).
Idaho National Laboratory-DOE. 2010. Technical Evaluation Study Project No. 23843: Nuclear-Integrated Methanol-to Gasoline Production Analysis.
Verfondern, K. 2013. Overview of nuclear cogeneration in high-temperature industrial process heat applications. OECD-IAEA Workshop, April 4-5, Paris.
Salimy, D. H. 2018. Conversion of CO2 to hydrocarbon synfuel by utilizing nuclear hydrogen cogeneration. Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas. Vol. 41(1), 51-59.
Pancoko, M., Nugroho, A., Priambodo, D., Setiadipura, T. 2018. Design study of a straight tube bundle steam generator for reaktor daya eksperimental, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET), 9(5), 531–540.
Priambodo, D., PaM.,ncoko, Sriyono, Setiadipura, T. 2018. Design of helium purification system for indonesia experimental power reactor-reaktor daya eksperimental. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET), 9(6), 873–880.
