Analysis on the effect of different fracture geometries on the productivity of tight gas reservoirs
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v16n2.1343Keywords:
Fracture geometry, unconventional reservoirs, tight gas productivity, hydraulic fracturingAbstract
Tight gas reservoirs are unconventional reservoir assets which have been the focus of major research in the petroleum industry owing to the global decline in conventional reservoirs. They are widely unlocked by creating hydraulic fractures in the formation to increase the flow capacity and productivity. The objective of this paper is to analyze different fracture geometries and their effect on tight gas production. The reservoir simulation model of the tight gas reservoir has been built with single porosity approach. A single vertical well with a single stage fracture has been used in the model to predict the behavior of fracture geometry. The major parameters of fracture geometry studied are fracture half-length, fracture width, and fracture height. Four sensitivities are run over different fracture geometry that is constant height and constant width, constant height and changing width, changing height and constant width, and changing height and changing width, while increasing the fracture half-length from 100 ft to 500 ft in each case. Sensitivity analysis exhibited that keeping the hydraulic fracture at constant height and constant width while increasing the fracture half-length resulted in enhanced tight gas productivity i.e. 11.63%, 14.14%, 16.06%, 17.48%, and 18.89% at hydraulic fracture half-lengths of 100 ft, 200 ft, 300 ft, 400 ft, and 500 ft, respectively, compared to other types of fracture geometry.
References
Ostojic, J., Rezaee, R., & Bahrami, H. (2012). Production performance of hydraulic fractures in tight gas sands, a numerical simulation approach. J. Pet. Sci. Eng. DOI:10.1016/j.petrol.2011.11.002.
Zee Ma, Y., Moore, W. R., Gomez, E., Clark, W. J., & Zhang, J. (2016). Chapter 14 – Tight Gas Sandstone Reservoirs, Part 1: Overview and Lithofacies. In: Zee Ma, Y., Holditch, S.A. (Eds.). Unconventional Oil and Gas Resources Handbook. Gulf Professional Publishing, Boston. pp. 405-427. DOI:10.1016/B978-0-12-802238-2.00014-6.
Wang, R., Song, H., Tang, H., Wang, Y., Killough, J., & Huang, G. (2016). Analytical modeling of gas production rate in tight channel sand formation and optimization of artificial fracture. Springer Plus. 5:540. DOI:10.1186/s40064-016-2176-7.
Kalra, S., Tia, W. & Wu, X. (2018). A numerical simulation study of CO2 injection for enhancing hydrocarbon recovery and sequestration in liquid-rich shales. Pet. Sci. 15: 103-115. DOI:10.1007/s12182-017-0199-5.
Medavarapu, K., Das, S., Ch, S., & Nainwal, S. P. (2017). Optimization of fracturing technique for successful exploitation of tight gas reservoirs of Mandapeta field. In: SPE Oil and Gas India Conference and Exhibition, 4–6 April, Mumbai, India. DOI:10.2118/185421-MS.
Taha, M., Khokhar, S. Y., Iqbal, M. S., Chughtai, S., Umair, M., & Virk, M. A. (2013). Effective exploitation of tight gas reservoirs using Integrated Asset Modelling (IAM) approach. In: SPE/PAPG Annual Technical Conference, 26-27 November, Islamabad, Pakistan. DOI:10.2118/169646-MS.
Holditch, S. A. (2006). Tight gas sands. J. Pet. 58(06): 1-7. DOI:10.2118/103356-JPT.
Peter, V., Lewis, N., Ali, A. D. (2010). Chapter 14 – Well stimulation. In: Economides, M. J., Watters, L. T., & Dunn-Norman, S. (Eds.). Petroleum Well Construction. Wiley, pp. 656-717.
Guo, B., Lyons, W. C., & Ghalambor, A. (2007). Petroleum production engineering, A computer-assisted approach. (1st Ed.) Gulf Professional Publishing.
Smith, M. B., and Shlyapobersky, J. W. (2000). Basics of hydraulic fracturing. In: Economides, M. J., & Nolte, K. G. (Eds.). Reservoir stimulation (3rd Edition). pp. 5-1 to 5-28.
Zhang, L., Li, D., Wang, L., & Lu D. (2015). Simulation of gas transport in tight/shale gas reservoirs by a multicomponent model based on PEBI grid. J. Chem. 2015:Art ID. 572434. DOI:10.1155/2015/572434.
Erturk, M. C., & Sinayuc, C. (2015). Production performance analysis of unconventional gas reservoirs with different well trajectories and completion techniques. In: SPE Middle East Unconventional Resources Conference and Exhibition, 26-28 January, Muscat, Oman. DOI:10.2118/172944-MS.
Mirzaei, M., & Cipolla, C. L. (2012). A workflow for modeling and simulation of hydraulic fractures in unconventional gas reservoirs. In: SPE Middle East Unconventional Gas Conference and Exhibition, 23-25 January, Abu Dhabi, UAE. DOI:10.2118/153022-MS.
Khan, W. A., Rehman, S. A., Akram, A. H., & Ahmad, A. (2011). Factors affecting production behavior in tight gas reservoirs. In: SPE/DGS Saudi Arabia Section Technical Symposium and Exhibition, 15-18 May, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia. DOI:10.2118/149045-MS.
Fazelipour, W. (2011). Development of techniques to integrate hydraulic fracturing design and reservoir simulation technologies - Application to forecast production of stimulated wells in unconventional gas reservoirs. In: SPE Middle East Unconventional Gas Conference and Exhibition, 31 January-2 February, Muscat, Oman. DOI:10.2118/142337-MS.
Ionescu, F. G., Awemo, K. N., & Pusch, G. (2006). Fracture design considerations for the development of tight gas formations. In: SPE Europec/EAGE Annual Conference and Exhibition, 12-15 June, Vienna, Austria. DOI:10.2118/100231-MS.
McGuire, W. J., & Sikora, V. J. (1960). The effect of vertical fractures on well productivity. J. Pet. 12(10): 1-3. DOI:10.2118/1618-G.
Cyrille, W. D. (2010). Production optimization of a tight sandstone gas reservoir with well completions: A numerical simulation study. Masters’ Thesis. Texas Tech University.
Ward, J. S., & Morrow, N. R. (1987). Capillary pressures and gas relative permeabilities of low-permeability sandstone. SPE Formation Evaluation. 2(3): 345. DOI:10.2118/13882-PA.
Khair, E. M. M. (2017). Effect of pump schedule on fracture geometry and shape during frac packing job. J. Pet. Environ. Biotechnol. 8: 342. DOI: 10.4172/2157-7463.1000342.
Chuprakov, D. A., & Prioul, R. (2015). Hydraulic fracture height containment by weak horizontal interfaces. In: SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference, 3-5 February, The Woodlands, Texas, USA. DOI:10.2118/173337-MS.
Fisher, M. K., & Warpinski, N. R. (2011). Hydraulic fracture-height growth: Real data. In: SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, 30 October-2 November, Denver, Colorado, USA. DOI:10.2118/145949-MS.