Human MG-63 osteosarcoma cells responses to long and short term hyper- and hypothermia stress

Authors

  • Mohammed Ali Nashiry Institute of Medical Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
  • Alyaa R AL-Khateeb Universiti Teknologi MARA
  • Yeap S Keong Xiamen University Malaysia
  • Gabriele R A Froemming University Malaysia Sarawak

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v16n5.1344

Keywords:

hyperthermia, hypothermia, osteosarcoma, heat shock proteins, cold shock proteins

Abstract

Hyper- and hypothermia are utilized as treatment modalities in cancer treatment or as a protection against ischemia-reperfusion induced cell damage. The under-lying mechanism of hyper- and hypothermia, on cell death in osteosarcoma cells are not well understood. The aim of this study is to investigate the short- and long-term effects of various severities of hyper- and hypothermia on osteoblast-like osteosarcoma cells (MG-63). MG-63 cells were treated with mild and severe hyper- and hypothermia for short, medium and long-term periods. Severe hypothermia and hyperthermia showed a time-dependent toxicity; hence viability was reduced in a significant manner at all time points and the cells were undergoing apoptosis. Mild hypothermia, on the other hand, showed a protective effect and long term exposure increased the cell viability. Severe hyperthermia induced significant DNA damage at all time points. Caspase 3/7 activity showed a significant increase at 1 h of severe hyperthermia and 72 h of severe hypothermia (p<0.05). Hsp90 expression was significantly increased at 72 h of mild hyperthermia (p<0.01), whereas Hsp70 showed a significant increase after 24 and 72 h (p<0.01 and p<0.001). Hsp27 mRNA was increased significantly at 24 h only under mild hyperthermia (p<0.01). In conclusion, hyperthermia especially severe hyperthermia induced cellular stress in MG-63 cells leading to apoptosis. Hypothermia, on the other hand caused severe cell stress only when the cells were challenged for a prolonged period with severe low temperatures.

Author Biographies

Alyaa R AL-Khateeb, Universiti Teknologi MARA

Faculty of Medicine

Yeap S Keong, Xiamen University Malaysia

China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences

Gabriele R A Froemming, University Malaysia Sarawak

Faculty of Medicine and  Allied Health Sciences

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Published

02-11-2020